Expanding EBS Volume on an EC2 Instance `without restarting`

Overview

If you've increased your AWS EBS volume size but it's not reflecting inside your VM, follow these steps to make the new space available.

Step 1: Verify the EBS Volume Size on AWS

Run the following command to check if the volume size has been updated on AWS:

aws ec2 describe-volumes --volume-ids vol-xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

Step 2: Check if the OS Recognizes the New Size

Run the following command inside the VM:

lsblk

Example output:

nvme0n1      259:0    0   30G  0 disk
├─nvme0n1p1  259:1    0 19.9G  0 part /
├─nvme0n1p14 259:2    0    4M  0 part
└─nvme0n1p15 259:3    0  106M  0 part /boot/efi

Step 3: Expand the Partition

Since the partition (nvme0n1p1) is still at 19.9GB while the disk is 30GB, you need to extend it using growpart:

sudo growpart /dev/nvme0n1 1

Verify the change:

lsblk

Step 4: Resize the Filesystem

After expanding the partition, resize the filesystem.

For EXT4 Filesystem (Ubuntu/Debian):
```
sudo resize2fs /dev/nvme0n1p1
```
For XFS Filesystem (Amazon Linux 2, RHEL, CentOS 7+):
```
sudo xfs_growfs /
```

Step 5: Verify the Disk Space

Check if the root partition reflects the new size:

df -h