Breakdown of the Kubernetes Topics & Tools

Day 1: Linux, Docker, YAML, K8s

• Linux: Foundation for managing K8s clusters as K8s runs on Linux nodes.
• Docker: Primary container runtime for packaging applications in K8s.
• YAML: Human-readable configuration format for defining K8s objects (pods, services).
• K8s (Kubernetes): Container orchestration tool for managing, scaling, and automating containerized applications.

Day 2: Architecture In Depth + Internals + Metrics + Security

• Architecture: Master-slave architecture, components like etcd, kube-apiserver, etc.
• Internals: Detailed working of K8s components (schedulers, controllers, etc.).
• Metrics: Used to track resource consumption (CPU, memory) of nodes and pods.
• Security: Measures such as RBAC, secrets management to secure cluster resources.

Day 3: A to Z of Pods + Types + Containers & Types

• Pods: Basic deployable unit in K8s that runs containers.
• Types of Pods: Single-container and multi-container pods.
• Containers: Running instances of applications inside pods, supporting multiple runtimes (Docker, containerd).

Day 4: Deployment + Strategies + Service + Probes + Secrets

• Deployment: Managing applications' desired states through replicas.
• Strategies: Deployment strategies like rolling updates, blue-green.
• Service: Network abstraction for exposing applications (ClusterIP, NodePort, LoadBalancer).
• Probes: Liveness/readiness checks for monitoring container health.
• Secrets: Storing sensitive information like API keys securely.

Day 5: Namespaces + Multi-tenancy + RBAC + PV & Dynamic PV

• Namespaces: Logical isolation of K8s resources.
• Multi-tenancy: Segregating workloads for different teams/projects within the same cluster.
• RBAC (Role-Based Access Control): Secure access management for resources.
• Persistent Volumes (PV): Managing storage resources that are independent of pods.

Day 6: Ingress + Ingress Controller + Certificates

• Ingress: Routing external traffic into the cluster using HTTP/HTTPS.
• Ingress Controller: Implements ingress rules, like NGINX, Traefik.
• Certificates: Ensuring secure HTTPS communication for services.

Day 7: Pod Placement + Workload Optimization (HPA, VPA)

• Pod Placement: Scheduling pods on nodes based on resource availability and constraints.
• HPA (Horizontal Pod Autoscaler): Automatically scales pods based on CPU/memory utilization.
• VPA (Vertical Pod Autoscaler): Adjusts resource limits and requests for running pods.

Day 8: Service Mesh + eBPF

• Service Mesh: Layer for managing microservices communication (e.g., Istio, Linkerd).
• eBPF: Allows for deep monitoring and profiling of kernel and application behavior.

Day 9: Observability (OLLY) + Tracing + Monitoring + Profiling + Logging + Key Metrics

• Observability: Tools to monitor and troubleshoot clusters (Prometheus, Grafana).
• Tracing: End-to-end request tracking in distributed systems.
• Monitoring: Tracking cluster health and performance metrics.
• Profiling: Performance tuning for applications by identifying bottlenecks.
• Logging: Capturing logs for debugging applications running inside the cluster.

Day 10: Cluster Upgrade/Downgrade + Benchmarking

• Cluster Upgrade: Upgrading K8s versions or nodes.
• Benchmarking: Measuring system performance (e.g., scaling limits, resource utilization).

Day 11: Runtime Security + Network Policy + Troubleshooting

• Runtime Security: Ensuring security for running containers (e.g., Falco).
• Network Policy: Restricting pod-level communication based on IP rules.
• Troubleshooting: Debugging cluster and pod issues (kubectl logs, describe, etc.).

Day 12: DoK (Data on Kubernetes) + Application Deployment + Cost Optimization

• DoK: Running stateful applications (databases) on Kubernetes.
• Application Deployment: Automating application deployment and lifecycle management.
• Cost Optimization: Efficient resource management to reduce operational costs.

Day 13: CRDs (Custom Resource Definitions) + Observability Logs

• CRDs: Extending K8s API with custom resource types.
• Observability Logs: Centralized logging for deep insights into application and system behavior.

Open Source Tools Used in Production K8s:

1. Trivy: Vulnerability scanning tool.
2. Kube-bench: Ensures Kubernetes compliance with best security practices.
3. Kustomize: Configuration management for K8s YAML files.
4. K9s: Terminal UI to interact with K8s clusters.
5. Falco: Runtime security monitoring.
6. OPA (Open Policy Agent): Policy enforcement tool.
7. Tetragon: eBPF-based runtime visibility and security tool.
8. Envoy: Service proxy for service mesh architecture.
9. Istio: Service mesh for secure, observable, and resilient communication.
10. Flux/Flagger: Continuous delivery and canary automation tool for K8s.
11. Rook: Storage orchestrator for K8s (e.g., Ceph).
12. Terrascan: IaC (Infrastructure as Code) security tool.
13. OpenCost: Provides real-time cost management for Kubernetes workloads.
14. Keda: Event-driven autoscaling in Kubernetes.
15. Kyverno: Policy engine for validating and mutating K8s configurations.
16. Helm: Kubernetes package manager to deploy predefined applications.
17. Cert-Manager: Manages and automates TLS certificate provisioning.
18. Jaeger: Distributed tracing for microservices.
19. Prometheus: Monitoring and alerting toolkit for time-series data.

Why These Tools are Important in Production K8s:

• Trivy: Ensure your containers are free from vulnerabilities before deploying.
• Kube-bench: Automatically checks compliance to ensure secure cluster operations.
• Kustomize: Manage multiple configurations and overlays in a structured manner.
• K9s: Easier to navigate and troubleshoot the cluster from the terminal.
• Falco: Real-time security monitoring and alerting for anomalous behavior in pods.
• OPA: Implement custom policies for granular control over K8s resources.
• Tetragon: Advanced visibility for network security using eBPF.
• Istio: Service mesh ensures smooth communication between microservices.
• Helm: Simplifies app deployment with reusable and versioned templates.

Next Steps

I will generate a .md (markdown) or .mx file with these explanations for your documentation. Let me know if you have any preferences or additional topics you'd like included!